Festivals and Special Events Planning †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.How Events and Event Tourism Interact with Regional Economic Development? 2.How Events and Event Tourism interact with Regional Social/Cultural Development? 3.How Events and Event Tourism interact with Regional Environmental Development? Answers: Introduction An event can be described as a public assembly of people for a specific purpose. The events industry mainly encompasses three sectors which include sports, meetings/expos/conference (business), and cultural/arts/music. It is also worth noting that events may be staged for other reasons other than monetary gains (Wilkinson, 2008 p 32). Some of the notable reasons or causes for events are commercial, entertainment, or celebratory. Events are organized by governments, businesses, media and advertising, professional associations, NGOs, community, sporting leagues, educational institutions, special interest groups, and so forth. Additionally, events may be held in various places; they may either be held indoors (boardrooms, stadiums, arenas, venues, theatres, purpose halls, marquees) or outdoors (sporting fields, beaches, green fields, on water, deserts). Therefore, this essay will focus on the events industry in an attempt to address the question why the industry is an appropriate and ef fective vehicle for the environmental, social, cultural, and economic advancement of a certain region or city. A Brief History of Events Over the years, the events industry continues to gain more and more milestones. From some of the earliest events organized in the 19th century, including the Great Exhibition, to the more recent music festivals, the events industry has enormously developed to boost the nations economy. Carnivals and festivals, for instance, have revolutionized over time to become what they are today. Many cultures organize carnivalesque types of events including harvest celebrations, festivals, and market fairs. Additionally, the ancient Romans staged the Leupercalia which denotes a circus-like event, but not entirely. Taking a look at the history of sports events, it is important to note that sporting changes and events are impacted by political, social, and economic realities at the time. There exist some artifacts which link the Chinese people to sporting events from as early as 4000BC. Also, in ancient Egypt, monuments to the Pharaohs are an excellent indicator that the early people engaged in ac tivities such as fishing, wrestling, swimming, javelin, and high jump. Notably, these events were regulated and well-developed by the governments of the time. The ancient Romans also participated in various athletic events which include Colosseum gladiator fights, wrestling, running, handball, and chariot racing. It is also worth noting that Olympic Games originated from Greece in 776 BC. The first games were held as a result of the organization of the games into festivals celebrated once in every four years following a peace treaty between the city-states of Pisa and Elis. Various Types and Sectors of Events A grouping system of events is important for the creation of an events strategy and in comprehending the event portfolios and feasibility of future or upcoming events. Notably, many of the modern classification systems have often been described as pragmatic and single purpose. The widest and in-depth attempt to classify events was conducted by theEvent Management Body of Knowledge having studied Julia Silvers work. Silver classified events into corporate and business, fundraising and cause-related, exhibitions, expositions and fairs, entertainment and leisure, festivals, civic and government, marketing, sports, social or life-cycle events, and conventions and meeting events. Business and corporate events refer to any undertaking that supports business related objectives such as marketing training, incentives, managerial functions, business communications, and so forth. Fundraising and cause-related events describe activities organized for a cause-related or charitable group to genera te revenue or support; it may be a collaboration with other events or scheduled alone. Exhibitions and fairs are events which convene sellers, buyers, and any interested parties to sell, buy or view services and products. Again, this may either be a collaboration with other events or scheduled alone. Leisure and entertainments events are periodic or occurring once, ticketed or free exhibition or performance event organized for various purposes with the major one being entertainment. Also, this may take place in conjunction with multiple events or alone. Festivals are cultural celebrations which are classified broadly as either religious or secular. They are organized for or/ and by the community/public. Civic and government events are organized by or composed of national or municipal government quarters and political parties. Marketing events mainly focus on commerce activities aimed at facilitating the interaction of sellers and buyers or to promote awareness of a certain product o r service. Convention and meeting events refer to an assembly of people for the reasons of education, exchanging information, decisions or consensus, debates, and so on. Social or life-cycle events are private gatherings by invitation only aimed at celebrating a religious, cultural, life cycle, communal, or societal event. Finally, a sports event may be participatory or spectator occasion entailing competitive or recreational sporting events. The significance of the Event Industry in Contemporary Society Notably, big events serve to create an international image and thus attract more internal and foreign investments. As such, the economy of the host nation grows tremendously. More often, countries hosting events, promote their image, attract more tourists, and enhance the development of the urban areas. Modern mega-events, for instance, present a rare chance to grow and develop major cities (Dwyer, Forsyth, and Spurr, 2006 p. 207). The 1992 Olympic Games regenerated Barcelona city and positioned it as one of Spains major tourist attraction. Also important to note is that events have the ability to expand the tourism seasons, launch new seasons, or lengthen peak seasons. 1. The economic impact of an event on a region is the net sum of the economic consequences of all of the cash inflows and outflows that occur because of an event (Hassan McCulloch, 2007 P. 176). In essence, events are associated with visitors and investments, and thus the local people secure jobs and the economy of the region or city grows. Mega sporting events, for instance, the 2006 FIFA World Cup held in Germany, are likely to not only benefits those directly involved, but also those working in the construction, tourism, and retail industry. Other tangible benefits of staging events include raised property values, business development, tourism promotion, and the emergence of new businesses (Rivera, Croes, and Semrad, 2014 p. 88). At the same time, events may be associated with various negative impacts. First, local services and products may become considerably expensive as tourists are ready to pay more. In other cases, stores choose to stock good primarily for tourists and forge t about the products which are essential to the locals (Yeoman, Robertson, Ali-Knight, Drummond, and McMahon-Beattie, 2012 p 457). For instance, the Olympic Games result in major challenges with real-estate and housing markets as promoters have fully booked rooms for the athletes. Additionally, an influx of tourists bring in traffic congestion, crowning, and the normal life of the locals is interrupted (Preston, 2012 p 235). 2. Besides the economic impacts, events are also known to revive the social and cultural life of the host people, establish a sense of identity, initiate a sense of pride, and enhance community participation (Getz, 2014 p.198). For instance, following the Barcelona Olympic Games, the local community was noted to exhibit increased interest in active sports. On the other side, events are associated with multiple negative impacts as discussed in this essay. A series of antisocial activities, prostitution, congestion, crime, and interference with community life have been linked to events and tourism events. Taking a look at Americas Cup defense, for instance, it was reported that the number of arrests due to antisocial behaviors had increased by 36% (Robertson and Frew, 2013 p 67). Additionally, political agendas have sparked demonstrations and boycotts as seen in the 1981 Springbok rugby tour in New Zealand. The 1972 and 1996 Olympics were also marked by terrorist attacks. 3. Environmental impacts are also experienced as a consequence of taking part in or hosting events. Some of the notable impacts include noise and littering, water waste and huge usage, vandalism, traffic congestion, and parking (Mair and Whitford, 2013 p 30). The negative impacts of events are seen when the level of visitor use is greater than the environment's ability to cope with this use within the acceptable limits of change (David, 2009, p. 74). Uncontrolled undertakings put host nations into considerable threats including land degradation, a rise in pollution, discharge into soils, and so forth. As a result of pollution following the Sziget Festival, the Clean Air Action Group created more mobile toilets and adopted automatic volume control systems to cope with the situation. Conclusion As noted from this essay, an event can be described as a public assembly of people for a specific purpose. Additionally, the events industry continues to gain more and more milestones as years pass by. Some of the earliest events were organized as early as in the 19th century. The various economic, social and cultural, and environmental impacts of events including the multiple types of events have also been discusses in this essay. Bibliography David, L., 2009. Events and Tourism: An Environmental Approach and Impact Assessment. Journal of Tourism, Challenges and Trends, 2(2), pp.66-75. Dwyer, L., Forsyth, P., and Spurr, R., 2006. The economic impact of sports events: A Reassessment. Tourism Review International, 10(4), pp.207-216. Getz, D., 2014. Event studies. In The Routledge handbook of events (pp. 45-64). Routledge. Hassan, D., McCulloch, D. (2007). An Economic Impact Study of Round 15 of the World Rally Championship 2007: Rally Ireland. Mair, J. and Whitford, M., 2013. An exploration of events research: event topics, themes, and emerging trends. International Journal of Event and Festival Management, 4(1), pp.6-30. Preston, C., 2012. Event marketing: How to Successfully Promote Events, Festivals, Conventions, and Expositions. Wiley. Rivera, M.A., Croes, R.R. and Semrad, K.J., 2014. The Curaao North Sea Jazz: A Lustrum Churning Economic and Promotional Opportunities for Curaao. Robertson, M. and Frew, E. eds., 2013. Events and festivals: Current Trends and Issues. Routledge. Wilkinson, J., 2008. A World Game: Events and Tourism in NSW. NSW Parliamentary Library. Yeoman, I., Robertson, M., Ali-Knight, J., Drummond, S. and McMahon-Beattie, U. eds., 2012. Festival and Events Management. Routledge.